Toxins & Antidotes

Agent	Indication
Activated charcoal with sorbital	used for many oral toxins
Adenosine	Theophylline antidote for adenosine poisoning
Atropine	organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, nerve agents, some mushrooms
Beta blocker	theophylline
Calcium chloride	calcium channel blockers, black widow spider bites
Calcium gluconate	hydrofluoric acid
Chelators such as EDTA, dimercaprol (BAL), penicillamine, and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, succimer)	heavy metal poisoning
Cyanide antidote (amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, or thiosulfate)	cyanide poisoning
Cyproheptadine	serotonin syndrome
Deferoxamine mesylate	Iron poisoning
Digoxin Immune Fab antibody (Digibind and Digifab)	digoxin poisoning
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride and benztropine mesylate	Extrapyramidal reactions associated with antipsychotic
Ethanol or fomepizole	ethylene glycol poisoning and methanol poisoning
Flumazenil	benzodiazepine poisoning
Glucagon	beta blocker poisoning and calcium channel blocker poisoning
100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)	carbon monoxide poisoning and cyanide poisoning
Insulin- with Glucagon	beta blocker poisoning and calcium channel blocker poisoning
Leucovorin	methotrexate and trimethoprim
Methylene blue	treatment of conditions that cause methemoglobinemia
Naloxone hydrochloride	opioid poisoning
N-acetylcysteine	Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning
Octreotide	oral hypoglycemic agents
Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM)	organophosphate insecticides, followed after atropine
Protamine sulfate	Heparin poisoning
Prussian blue	Thallium poisoning
Physostigmine sulfate	anticholinergic poisoning
Pyridoxine	Isoniazid poisoning, ethylene glycol
Phytomenadione (vitamin K) and fresh frozen plasma	Warfarin poisoning and indanedione
Sodium bicarbonate	ASA, TCAs with a wide QRS